Examinando por Materia "Biological control"
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Publicación Acceso abierto Aislamiento e identificación de bacterias de algunas plagas de álamo.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Yaman, Mustafa; Ertürk, Ömer; Fazil Selek, Sabri Ünal; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleSe registra el estudio de la flora bacteriana de cuatro importantes plagas de álamo, Cryptorhynchus lapathi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sciapteron tabaniformis Rott (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), Nycteola asiatica (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) y Gypsonoma dealbana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) en la búsqueda de agentes de control ecológicamente alternativos contra las plagas del álamo y disminuir los efectos indeseables causados por los plaguicidas químicos en el área urbana y los bosques urbanos. Se aislaron e identificaron cuarenta y tres bacterias de las larvas y adultos de estas plagas a partir de cinco localidades diferentes. Todos los aislados bacteriales fueron cultivados e identificados usando los sistemas VITEK (VITEK® 2 GN ID card prod. no; 21341 and VITEK® 2 GP ID card prod. no; 21342, bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile). Los miembros de los géneros de las familias Bacillaceae y Enterobacteriaceae fueron aislados con más frecuencia de ambos insectos de la plaga.Publicación Acceso abierto Bioecology of Epilachna difficilis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachninae) in Central-West of Mexico.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Garcia Segura, Jonas; Cortez Madrigal, Hipolito; Marin Jarillo, Antonio; Angoa Pérez, Maria Valentina; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleEpilachna difficilis was reported for the first time on Bonplandia geminiflora (Polemoniaceae). To study the biological and ecological aspects of this species, samples were taken weekly in 2011 in “La Gloria” Canyon, Sahuayo, Michoacán, México, and complementary studies were conducted in the laboratory. The first occurrence of E. difficilis was observed in mid-August and the last in early December. Defoliation to B. geminiflora ranged from 38.0-98.5 %. Six species of predators, viz., Podisus congrex, Podisus brevispinus, Oplomus dichrous, Oplomus pulcher (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae), Pselliopus nigropictus, and Rocconota sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), were recorded. Temperature and precipitation were positively correlated (r = 0.8 and 0.6, respectively) with higher population peaks. However, E. difficilis showed a wide range of adaptability in different regions and climates where its host plants grow. Under laboratory conditions, five instars were recorded during 25.95 days of larval development; the entire lifecycle was completed in 37.8 ± 1.7 days. Of the five crops species evaluated, only cucumber suffered damage (30.0 %) by adult insects, although all insects died thereafter. This is the first bio-ecological study of E. difficilis. Results may be useful in the biological control of related pests such as E. varivestis.Publicación Acceso abierto Boquillas de pulverización hidráulicas para la aplicación de nematodos entomopatógenos.(Universidad del Valle, 2018-12-31) Batista de Alvarenga, Cleyton; Andaló, Vanessa; Oliveira Machado, Felipe Augusto; Zampiroli, Renan; Mieko, Jéssica; Silva de Faria, Lucas; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesBiological control is a viable alternative to chemical control; however, some methods of releasing control agents still need to be improved in order to attract the attention of producers and to reduce costs. Therefore, this work was conducted to evaluate the effects of hydraulic spray nozzles on the viability and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 37 treatments, of which there were three controls and 34 treatments using different spray nozzles with six repetitions. A spraying table was used for the applications. The working pressure was 400 kPa for all nozzles and the solution sprayed consisted of an aqueous suspension of the nematode Heterorhabditis amazonensis MC01 at a concentration of 400 infective juveniles (IJ) mL-1. The viability of the IJ after being sprayed, as well as the infectivity of Tenebrio molitor larvae were verified. The results indicated that nematode viability was influenced by the nozzles and the living nematodes sprayed did not lose their capacity to infect the insect.Publicación Acceso abierto Distribution and natural enemies of avocado lace bug Pseudacysta perseae (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in Nayarit, Mexico.(Universidad del Valle, 2019-08-30) Cambero Ayón, Carlos Bryan; Rodríguez Palomera, Marcia; Robles Bermúdez, Agustín; Coronado Blanco, Juana María; Rios Velasco, Claudio; Cambero Campos, Octavio Jhonathan; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThe aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the lace bug Pseudacysta perseae and to identify their natural enemies in avocado orchards in the state of Nayarit, Mexico; weekly sampling was conducted on 30 commercial orchards with Hass, Hall and Choquette avocado cultivars in the municipalities of Xalisco, Tepic and San Blas, from January to July 2016. The specimens collected were transferred to the Laboratory of Agricultural Parasitology of the Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit - UAN, and subsequently were individually separated to obtain parasitoids, predators and entomopathogenic fungi. Out of a total of 30 sampled areas, only P. perseae was recorded in 20 of the orchards, with an average infestation level of 434 eggs, 107 nymphs and 23 adults per site. A total of 175 natural enemy specimens were identified, of which 61 were parasitoids belonging to Trichogrammatidae family, 58 adults of P. perseae with symptomatology of fungal infection, identified morphological and molecularly as Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, with incidences of 3.0 % and 9.4 %, respectively. In addition, 56 predators were caught belonging to the species Cycloneda sanguinea, Stethorus sp. and Pentilia sp.Publicación Acceso abierto Effect of different temperatures and cold storage on pupae of Apanteles gelechiidivoris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2018-12-31) Morales Perdomo, Jessica Andrea; Rodríguez Caicedo, Daniel; Cantor Rincón, Fernando; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesApanteles gelechiidivoris, a parasitoid of the third stage of Tuta absoluta larvae, can generate up to 80 % larval mortality in the field. In order to mass-produce this parasitoid, it is necessary to have cold storage of pupae in order to conserve significant quantities without losing biological characteristics. Different temperatures and cold storage times were evaluated using biological parameters in pupal and adult stages. The pupae were exposed to 4, 8 and 12 °C for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of storage. At 4 and 8 °C, the emergence time was delayed after cold storage, being shorter by seven days at each temperature. Adult emergence was lower, at 4 °C, and decreased significantly as storage days increased. At 8 and 12 °C, emergence percentages of 90 and 100 percent were reported, respectively, after seven days of storage. Temperature and days of storage had no effect on the number of females produced (P > 0.05). Adult lifespan decreased with increasing days of cold storage. At 8 °C, the longest adult lifespan (9 days) was observed at 7 and 14 days of storage. At 4 °C, the parasitism of females that emerged from pupae on the storage days evaluated was affected; at 8 °C, the highest parasitism percentage (80 %) was obtained at 7 days of storage. The results suggest that pupae can be stored up to 14 days at 8 °C, without affecting the effectiveness of the parasitoid.Publicación Acceso abierto Evaluación de nematodos entomopatógenos en Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) bajo condiciones de laboratorio e invernadero.(Universidad del Valle, 2018-07-08) Oliveira Giannasi, Andréia de; Roque Brambila, Camila; Zart, Marcelo; Guide, Bruna Aparecida; Alves, Viviane Sandra; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleEl objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el potencial de los nematodos entomopatógenos (NEPs) de los géneros Steinernema y Heterorhabditis en el control de Agrotis ipsilon (Hufnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Para esto, se realizaron ensayos de selección de aislamientos, se evaluó la susceptibilidad en diferentes instares del insecto, se analizaron las diferentes concentraciones de NEPs y la producción in vivo de estos aislados, y se realizaron pruebas en invernadero en el Laboratorio de Entomología y control biológico de la Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, Brasil. En los ensayos de selección con nueve aislamientos, los que causan mayor porcentaje de mortalidad en los insectos, se utilizaron diferentes concentraciones (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 Juveniles Infectivos/cm2) sobre diferentes instares del insecto (2do, 3er, 4to, 5to, 6to instar y pupa), en la producción in vivo en larvas de A. ipsilon y en pruebas de patogenicidad en invernadero. En el ensayo de selección, el aislamiento CH3 (Steinernema sp.) causó el 100 % de la mortalidad en A. ipsilon mientras que los aislados GL (Heterorhabditis amazonensis), IBCB-n02 (S. carpocapsae) e IBCB-n05 (H. indica) causaron 90 % de mortalidad. En la prueba de concentraciones, el aislado IBCB-n02 presentó una CL99 de 140 IJs/cm2 y el aislado IBCB-n05, una CL99 de 190 IJs/cm2. Las larvas de 3er y 4to instares fueron más susceptibles. En la prueba in vivo para la producción de larvas de A. ipsilon, no se observó diferencia entre los dos aislamientos. En el ensayo en invernadero, el aislado IBCB-n02 fue el único que difirió del tratamiento de control.Publicación Acceso abierto Evaluation of Beauveria bassiana for Monalonion velezangeli (Hemiptera: Miridae) control in coffee crop.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) Góngora, Carmenza E.; Laiton J., Laura A.; Gil, Zulma N.; Benavides, Pablo; Montoya Lerma, JamesMonalonion velezangeli (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a polyphagous pest found in Colombia which attacks ornamentals, weeds, timber and fruit trees including coffee. The pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana strain B at 1 x 107 conidia/ml was evaluated on Monalonion velezangeli by immersion. The fungus caused 84 % mortality on the insect. Cissus verticillata plants were infested with M. velezangeli and applications of the fungus at 4 x 1010 conidium/L were done. Average insects mortality treated with the fungus was 84 %. Under field conditions, in the department of Huila, in a coffee plot infested with M. velezangeli the following treatment were applied: strain B at 4 x 1010 conidium/L, insecticide Chlorpyrifos at 4 cc/L and water. In a first assay, groups of nine trees (20 repetitions) were chosen. Both the insecticides and the fungus caused insect mortality with an 80 to 90 % decrease in the percentage of trees with new damage. Meanwhile the decrease in the control was 40 %. In a second assay, three plots of 450 trees were selected and the same treatments were applied. Percentage of trees affected in the control ranged between 19 and 11 %. The plot in which the insecticide was applied, started with an infestation of 29 %, and at the end of the assay the infestation was 20 % and the highest damage was observed in this plot. In the plot where B. bassiana was applied the initial infestation was 30 % and at the end of the assay, this plot showed the lowest infestation level near to 5 %. The B. bassiana strain B becomes a feasible alternative for M. velezangeli pest control on coffee plantations.Publicación Acceso abierto First report of Gymnoclytia (Diptera: Tachinidae) endoparasitoid of Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Paraguay.(Universidad del Valle, 2018-07-08) Ferreira Agüero, Marcos Arturo; Vilhena Dios, Rodrigo de; Orzuza Escoba, Daysi; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesTachinid flies are important parasitoids of many pests. The purpose of this study was to identify the parasitoid emerged from the brown stinkbug Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) from collection done at the town of Fortuna, Pedro Juan Caballero municipality, Amambay State, Paraguay. The bugs were collected in the field on soybeans and were taken to the laboratory for breeding, feeding and maintenance, and checked for the presence of tachinids at the Entomological and Crop Protection Department of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Asuncion. The insects were inspected daily, and the emergence of pupating larvae was observed from them. The fly puparia were maintained until the emergence of the adult fly (n = 7). Specimens were kept in glass tubes with a 70 % alcohol solution and then sent to the laboratory of Systematic and Biogeography of Diptera at the Zoology Department, Biosciences Institute, University of de São Paulo, Brazil for identification. The parasitoid fly that emerged was identified as Gymnoclytia (Diptera: Tachinidae), the first report for soybean in Paraguay, an important natural biological control agent that might balance the population density of E. heros.Publicación Acceso abierto Heterorhabditis bacteriophora cepa-VEli (Nematoda) : identificación y patogenia sobre Lobiopa insularis (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) plaga de la fresa.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) Eliceche, Daiana P.; Belaich, Mariano Nicolás; Ghiringhelli, Pablo Daniel; Achinelly, María Fernanda; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleEn la región pampeana, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, la horticultura es una de las principales actividades agrícolas. Los plaguicidas biológicos disponibles en el mercado son escasos en el país e inexistentes en base a nematodos. En este trabajo, se caracterizó un nematodo entomopatógeno nativo aislado de la pampa y se evaluó su infectividad y capacidad reproductiva en el insecto de las fresas, Lobiopa insularis. El análisis morfológico y genéticomolecular determinó este aislado como el nematodo Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, designado cepa-VEli. Se aisló un fragmento del ADN genómico de 901 pb (acceso GenBank No KJ575524). La nueva cepa fue patógena contra L. insularis. En recipientes de 200 ml con suelo arcilloso autoclavado (100 ml), a concentraciones de 1.000; 5.000 y 10.000 JIs, la mortalidad en larvas varió de 25 a 77 %. A una concentración de 10,000 JIs, la infección fue mayor en larvas y pupas (77 ± 20 % y 64 ± 25 %, respectivamente) que en adultos (2,2 ± 1,1 %). La concentración letal requerida para matar 50 y 90 % de las larvas (CL50 y CL90) después de 10 días fue 2.840 y 23.743 IJs. Se observaron diferencias en los niveles de parasitismo y en el tiempo de emergencia de los JIs entre concentraciones y estadios aunque no en la producción. Heterorhabditis bacteriophora VEli es el primer nematodo entomopatógeno que infecta y mata L. insularis, capaz de completar su ciclo de vida en todas las etapas del escarabajo de la savia de la fresa. Esta disponibilidad permitiría el establecimiento y posterior dispersión de la cepa en los campos de fresa. Por último, este informe constituye la primera presentación de datos sobre la caracterización morfológica, morfométrica y genética molecular de una cepa nativa de nematodos entomopatógenos para la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.Publicación Acceso abierto Influencia de la temperatura y la precipitación sobre la dinámica poblacional de Glycaspis brimblecombei y Psyllaephagus bliteus en plantaciones de Eucalyptus camaldulensis.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Ferreira Filho, Pedro José; Wilcken, Carlos Frederico; Masson, Marcus Vinicius; Souza Tavares, Wagner de; Guerreiro, Julio César; Braga do Carmo, Janaina; Pereira Prado, Evandro; Cola Zanuncio, José; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleEl trabajo analiza el efecto de la temperatura y las precipitaciones sobre la dinámica poblacional de Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) y su parasitoide Psyllaephagus bliteus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) en una plantación de Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Myrtaceae) en el estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Durante el estudio fueron instaladas 53 trampas pegajosas amarillas y 53 ramas de una parcela de 19 ha de E. camaldulensis, fueron colectadas para evaluación. Se realizó un total de 42 evaluaciones entre enero de 2006 y de 2008. El número de adultos de G. brimblecombei y P. bliteus capturados en las trampas amarillas pegajosas así como el de inmaduros y momias de los psílidos parasitados en las hojas de E. camaldulensis varió con las estaciones. La población también varía según la estación, con un pico en el invierno, sin embargo, disminuye en el verano cuando la temperatura y las precipitaciones aumentan. Las poblaciones de G. brimblecombei y P. bliteus se correlacionaron inversamente con la temperatura y las precipitaciones. Estos resultados se discuten como posibles limitaciones para el establecimiento de esta plaga y su parasitoide.Publicación Acceso abierto Life table of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) reared on Melanaphis sacchari (Hemiptera: Aphididae).(Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) Palomares Pérez, Martín; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesChrysoperla externa is a widely distributed and highly adaptable predatory insect. In order to evaluate its capacity as a natural enemy of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, its life table when reared on M. sacchari was inferred. The biological cycle lasted an average of 29.5 ± 6.2 d from egg to adult. The embryonic and larval period duration was 5.1 ± 0.3 and 13.8 ± 4.5 d, respectively. The pupa stage was completed in 10.6 ± 1.4 d, whereas adults lived 63.5 ± 26.7 d after eclosion. The mortality rate showed the highest values in the egg stage (qx = 0.17). The greatest survival rate appeared in the third instar (93.7 %). The period prior to reproduction was 6.5 ± 3.1 d. The average fecundity was 228.3 ± 139.1 eggs. The life table parameters were Ro = 113.2, T = 28.9, rm = 0.163 and λ = 1.17. According to the results, it is possible to infer that C. externa is capable of accomplishing its life cycle feeding only on M. sacchari.Publicación Acceso abierto Natural enemies of Stenoma cecropia (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae) in oil palm, in the southwest of Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2016-12-30) Sendoya Corrales, Carlos Andrés; Bustillo Pardey, Alex Enrique; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleStenoma cecropia infests new plantations of hybrid oil palm (Elaeis oleifera x E. guineensis) in Tumaco (Nariño). These infestations are causing defoliation of economic importance to the oil palm. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determine the biotic and abiotic factors affecting populations through fortnightly sequential sampling, following a 2 x 2 moving displacement system, which sampled every two palms and every other line in a one hectare oil palm plantation, counting the number of live and dead individuals present in the 17th and 25th S. cecropia leaves of each palm evaluated. Results indicate that S. cecropia is attacked by a variety of predators, parasitoids and entomopathogens. Among the former are the spiders (Araneae), bugs (Reduviidae), wasps (Vespidae), and ants (Formicidae), with Crematogaster being the most important. Among the parasitoids, Brachymeria sp. and Rhysipolis sp. were most abundant. These species require the nectar of plants such as Melanthera aspera, Solanum quitoense, Emilia sonchifolia, Lantana camera, Cassia reticulata, Stachytarpheta cayennensis and Urena lobata, for food until the adult stage. An entomopathogenic fungus was also detected infecting the larval stage and was identified as Isaria sp. Crematogaster sp. predation on larval stages of S. cecropia was estimated to be 42 %. Parasitism by Brachymeria sp. In pupal stages was 16.8 %, mortality caused by Rhysipolis sp. on larval stages was 3.5 % and mortality by Isaria sp. Was 1.5 %. It is concluded that these biological control agents are important in the regulation of S. cecropia populations in oil palm plantations in Colombia.Publicación Acceso abierto Potential predation of commercial hemipterans on Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) eggs.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) Pérez Guerrero, Sergio; Molina Rodríguez, José María; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleDrosophila suzukii is an exotic and invasive pest (from South East Asia) affecting a wide range of important crops from Europe and America, especially berries. This work analyzes potential predation of some commercial hemipterans on D. suzukii eggs under laboratory conditions using blueberry fruits. Three treatments were established: infested fruit + predator, no-infested fruit + predator (control) and no-infested fruit without predator (control). After 72 h, predators were removed, and the numbers of live and dead recorded. The mean number of D. suzukii adults that emerged per fruit was compared with number of adults that emerged from the control group. Numbers of live and dead predators from infested fruits treatment were compared with numbers of live and dead predators from the no-infested fruit control group. Among tested predators, only Anthocoris nemoralis displayed a significant reduction on adult’s emergence (~50 %). No significant differences in the mean number of D. suzukii emerged adults per fruit were found for the treatments with Orius laevigatus, Macrolophus pygmaeus and Nesidiocoris tenuis, although N. tenuis showed significant higher survival rates when kept with infested fruits. Further and extended research is required in order to confirm the potential predation of A. nemoralis on D. suzukii eggs reported here.Publicación Acceso abierto Predatory activity of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) on Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Rosa sp. Crop.(Universidad del Valle, 2016-06-30) Gamboa, Sergio; Souza, Brígida; Morales, Rubén; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleThe objectives of this study was to assess the efficiency of third instar larvae of Chrysoperla externa and to quantify its population control on different densities of Macrosiphum euphorbiae aphids on greenhouse rose crops. For 24 hours, the consumption of C. externa on first and second stage nymphs of M. euphorbiae at a predator: prey ratio of 1:10 was evaluated on four different aphid densities. In the second stage, the predatory capacity of C. externa was compared over a period of 31 days on four (40, 80, 120, 160) initial densities of M. euphorbiae, through the weekly release of predator larvae at a predator: prey ratio of 1:10. This experiment showed that C. externa has a greater predatory capacity at higher M. euphorbiae densities. It was also observed that the initial density of aphids did not influence the consumption of C. externa larvae over a 31 day observation period. However the predator kept the population of M. euphorbiae at lower densities on plants where C. externa larvae were released. Nevertheless, the number and frequency of larvae released did not provide complete aphid population control.Publicación Acceso abierto Predatory capacity of Cathartus quadricollis and Ahasverus advena (Coleoptera: Silvanidae) on Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) under laboratory conditions.(Universidad del Valle, 2018-12-31) Laiton J., Laura A.; Constantino, Luis Miguel; Benavides, Pablo; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThe coffee berry borer (CBB) causes economic damage and quality deterioration of coffee. CBB reproduces inside the fruit that remain after harvesting. In Colombia, native predators have been reported attacking this pest, among them the coleopterans Ahasverus advena and Cathartus quadricollis. This study, which was carried out under lab conditions at Cenicafé, was evaluated the predation of these species on CBB. Adults and larvae of the two predator species were released in ratios of 1, 3 and 5 per infested coffee bean (the treatments) in four independent bioassays. The decrease in CBB populations inside the beans after establishing treatments (the response variables) was determined. The Experimental Units consisted of 10 infested coffee grains observed over 18 days with three infesting holes inside a glass container where the four treatments were applied under a completely randomized design with ten replicates. An absolute control without predators was used for each bioassay. A. advena adults and larvae significantly decreased CBB up to 63.2 % and 42.3 % with respect to the control, presenting a higher predation capacity when three predators per grain were released. In addition, C. quadricollis decreased CBB population up to 46.2 % and 69 % when three adults and five larvae per grain were released, respectively.Publicación Acceso abierto Preferencia, desarrollo y desempeño reproductivo de Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) utilizando presas provenientes de trigo.(Universidad del Valle, 2016-12-30) Pitwak, Juliana; De Oliveira Menezes Jr., Ayres; Ursi Ventura, Maurício; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleSe evaluaron los parámetros biológicos de Chrysoperla externa en condiciones de laboratorio. El efecto de las presas sobre los parámetros biológicos y el comportamiento reproductivo fueron evaluados cuando se proporcionaron los siguientes alimentos: Sitobion avenae; Rhopasolsiphum padi (ambos en los tres estadios larvales); huevos de Anagasta kuehniella del primero al segundo estadio y huevos de Dichelops melacanthus en tercer estadio; R. padi del primero al segundo estadio y huevos de D. melacanthus en tercero. Todos los alimentos determinaron desarrollo y desempeño reproductivo satisfactorios. El cambio de presa de A. kuehniella a D. melacanthus no afectó la viabilidad de las larvas, pero sí la redujo el cambio de R. padi a D. melacanthus. Cuando las larvas se alimentaron con R. padi (primer y segundo estadio) y D. melacanthus (tercer estadio), C. externa puso más huevos que cuando se proporcionaron los áfidos. Como consecuencia del cambio de dieta, otros parámetros no fueron afectados o sólo ligeramente. Los resultados mostraron que los áfidos son importantes fuentes de alimento para C. externa y que este depredador también puede consumir y desarrollarse con huevos de D. melacanthus.Publicación Acceso abierto Quantitative biological response of two predators (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) in the larval control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2021-07-22) Ayala Sulca, Yuri Oliver; Colos Galindo, Percy; Portal Quicaña, Edwin; Ibarra Juárez, Luis; Cóndor Alarcón, Reynán; Carrasco Badajoz, Carlos; Ramírez, Rina; Montoya Lerma, JamesPredation is a biotic factor that influences the structure and functioning of ecosystems, its effect can be quantified through functional (FR) and numerical response in a successful-invasion context. We use FR to understand the coevolutionary relationships, and measured the biological response of the predators Notonecta peruviana and Buenoa fasciata in the control of fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti (F1) at different densities (5, 10, 20, 35, 55 and 80 larvae / liter). Fasting predators (48 hours) were introduced to the test containers (one individual per species) and the FR, the number of preys consumed (Ne), the attack coefficient (a) and handling time (Th). N. peruviana and B. fasciata developed a type II FR in the consumption of larvae of Ae. aegypti (p ≤ 0.01), and occupied close handling times (Th) (t = –1.93; df = 12; p = 0.078). N. peruviana preyed (Ne) twice as many larvae of Ae. aegypti (p ≤ 0.05) and showed a higher attack coefficient (a) in relation to B. fasciata (t = 14.92; df = 12; p = 0.000). The predators N. peruviana and B. fasciata rapidly destabilized and consumed the preys. N. peruviana preyed twice as many larvae, attributable to the recent predator-prey effect compared to the possible coevolutionary adjustment between B. fasciata and Ae. aegypti. It would be important to consider the predator species in the vector control programs for aedine mosquitoes.Publicación Acceso abierto Toxicological and behavioral impacts of atrazine on Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) in choice tests.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Demolin Leite, Germano Leão; Rodrigues Bispo, Edilson Paulo; Costa Alvarenga, Anarelly; Paulo, Paula Daiana de; Alvarenga Soares, Marcus; Lemes, Pedro Guilherme; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesWeeds should be controlled with low impact methods and selective agrochemicals that have little or no effect on non-target organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the herbicide atrazine (triazine class) on 10 Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) species. A female of 10 species of these natural enemies was individually placed in a glass test tube (free-choice test) with two paper cards containing 45 Anagasta (Ephestia) kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs (treatment and control), with 10 replications. The cards were sprayed with the herbicide atrazine at 8.07 L/ha; the control was sprayed with distilled water. Parasitism by these natural enemies was allowed for 48 h. Atrazine changes the behavior of female parasitoids, reducing the parasitism (≈ 71 %) and emergence (≈ 74 %) rates and sex ratio (≈ 74 %) of the Trichogrammatidae species, except for Trichogramma galloi and T. bennetti. No females emerged from eggs parasitized by T. acacioi, Trichogrammatoidea annulata, T. atopovirilia, T. bruni, T. brasiliensis, T. demoraesi, and T. soaresi with atrazine. The results revealed that atrazine herbicide is harmless to T. bennetti and T. galloi, but it was moderately harmful (80 – 99 % reduction) to the other Trichogrammatidae species based on the parasitism and emergence rates.