Examinando por Materia "Predators"

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    Does environmental diversity affect hymenopteran galling insects and their natural enemies on Caryocar brasiliense trees (Caryocaraceae)?.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) Demolin Leite, Germano Leao; Von Dos Santos Veloso, Ronnie; Alvarenga Soares, Marcus; Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson; Cola Zanuncio, José; Alves Oliveira, Nicole; Santos Junior, Valdeir Celestino Dos; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    Caryocar brasiliense (Malpighiales: Caryocaraceae) trees, protected by Brazilian federal laws, are the main income source in many communities. The transformation of the Cerrado (savanna biome) into grazing or agricultural areas has been isolating these trees species in an agro-urban landscape. We studied the effects of environmental diversity on the abundance of galling insect communities inhabiting C. brasiliense trees in three different environments: Cerrado, pasture, and an urban area. Eurytoma sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) adults and their galls, its parasitoid Sycophila sp. (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) and the predator Zelus armillatus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) were present in larger numbers on the C. brasiliense leaflets in the urban area. The percentages of totally galled leaflets (exhibiting all kinds of galls) and the number of trees were negatively correlated. Greater habitat diversity favored that of galling insect species and their natural enemies.
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    Life table of Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) reared on Melanaphis sacchari (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
    (Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) Palomares Pérez, Martín; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    Chrysoperla externa is a widely distributed and highly adaptable predatory insect. In order to evaluate its capacity as a natural enemy of the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari, its life table when reared on M. sacchari was inferred. The biological cycle lasted an average of 29.5 ± 6.2 d from egg to adult. The embryonic and larval period duration was 5.1 ± 0.3 and 13.8 ± 4.5 d, respectively. The pupa stage was completed in 10.6 ± 1.4 d, whereas adults lived 63.5 ± 26.7 d after eclosion. The mortality rate showed the highest values in the egg stage (qx = 0.17). The greatest survival rate appeared in the third instar (93.7 %). The period prior to reproduction was 6.5 ± 3.1 d. The average fecundity was 228.3 ± 139.1 eggs. The life table parameters were Ro = 113.2, T = 28.9, rm = 0.163 and λ = 1.17. According to the results, it is possible to infer that C. externa is capable of accomplishing its life cycle feeding only on M. sacchari.
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    Mites associated with blackberry (Rubus sp. cv. Tupy) in two areas of Michoacan, México.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2019-12-31) Ayala Ortega, José de Jesús; Martínez Castillo, Ana Mabel; Pineda Guillermo, Samuel; Figueroa de la Rosa, José Isaac; Acuña Soto, Jesús; Ramos Lima, Mayra; Vargas Sandoval, Margarita; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    Damage caused by phytophagous mites is one of the main phytosanitary problems on blackberry crop. The mite species identification is a very significant activity to implement a program of integrated pest management. The aim of this study was to identify the species of phytophagous mites, predators, and other mites associated with blackberry crop in two locations of Michoacan, Mexico. The research was performed in two blackberry orchards located at Ziracuaretiro and Tacambaro municipalities, which had different type of management: conventional and non-conventional, respectively. In each orchard, 18 samples were collected at 15 d-intervals during an annual cycle, from June 2015 to May 2016. The collected mites were mounted in permanent slide for their taxonomic determination with specific keys with specific keys. Seventeen mite species belonging to ten families were identified, which six were phytophagous species, six were predatory, and five had varied habits. Six of the 17 taxa identified are new records of mites associated with blackberry crop. Most of the mites were collected in the conventional crop (65.4 %), while the abundance of predator mites was highest in the no-conventional crop.
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    Seasonal variation of the epigeal coleopteran diversity in the Laguna Carén (Santiago, Chile).
    (Universidad del Valle, 2018-12-31) Alvarado Orellana, Alexandra; Huerta Fuentes, Amanda; Palma Muñoz, Álvaro; Rodríguez Tobar, Sebastián; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    The seasonal variation of epigeal coleopteran diversity and physical-chemical parameters associated to water quality in the Laguna Carén (Santiago, Chile) was evaluated. Different physical-chemical parameters of lagoon water were measured in spring and summer at four random sampling stations, representative of the vegetable coverages. The epigeal coleopterans of the shore were collected by means of interception traps (n = 40), installed at random. It was estimated the abundance and richness of the coleopterans by sampling station and season. In addition, they were separated into trophic guilds: phytophagous, predatory and saprophagous. The differences in abundance and richness were evaluated with nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests, followed by Dunn (sampling station) and Mann-Whitney (season) tests. The same statistical procedure was applied to trophic guilds. The ensemble of species of epigeal coleopteran was represented by 19 species (14 natives) from eight families, constitutes the first record of insects in the lagoon. The richness of epigeal coleopteran was significantly higher in spring; while abundance was in summer, concurring with the sampling stations with higher coverages. The availability of food and shelter for epigeal beetles would be influenced mainly by anthropic factors, which lead to a greater degree of fragmentation and alteration of the habitat. The information generated can serve as a basis for future research on bioindicators in vulnerable wetlands in the Mediterranean region.