Examinando por Materia "Wastewater"

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    Aplicación del proceso Fenton en el tratamiento de aguas residuales de origen petroquímico.
    (2015-05-21) Rubio Clemente, Ainhoa; Chica, Edwin L.; Peñuela, Gustavo A.
    Este artículo hace una revisión sobre las aplicaciones del proceso Fenton para el tratamiento de aguas residuales procedentes de la industria petroquímica. En él se describe brevemente el mecanismo de reacción y se analizan las principales variables que influyen en la eficiencia de este proceso (concentración del agente oxidante y del catalizador, temperatura, pH, tiempo de reacción, tipo de contaminante y presencia de aniones). Asimismo, se detallan diversos estudios que evalúan la viabilidad del sistema Fenton en la degradación de sustancias derivadas del petróleo, sus limitaciones y las perspectivas de futuro. Abstract This article reviews the application of Fenton process to treat wastewater from the petrochemical industry. The reaction mechanism is briefly described, and the main variables that influence the efficiency of this process are analyzed (oxidizing agent and catalyst level, temperature, pH, reaction time, type of pollutant and the presence of anions). Additionally, several studies evaluating the feasibility of the Fenton system in the degradation of oil-derived substances are described, as well as Fenton process’ limitations and future perspectives.
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    Biomass production of Scenedesmus sp. and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in domestic wastewater
    (Universidad del Valle, 2017-01-30) Acevedo, Stephanie; Peñuela, Gustavo A.; Pino, Nancy J.
    (Eng) Domestic wastewater (DW) has been used as a substrate for both microalgae biomass production and nutrient removal. Biological treatment with photosynthetic microalgae provides aeration, reducing operating costs and the risk of volatilization of contaminants. It also provides oxygen to the bacteria for degradation of organic compounds. In this study, a microalga was isolated and identified as Scenedesmus sp. An experimental trial was performed using synthetic wastewater with different concentrations of N (40, 90 and 150 mg/L) and P (4, 15 and 50 mg/L). Each assay was inoculated with 1x106 cells/ml under 16h of continuous light at 50-µmol m-2 s-1 at and 120 rpm for 7 days. Samples were taken at 0, 3, 5 and 7 days to determine the growth of microalgae and the concentration of nitrates, ammonium and phosphorus. The same treatment was carried out using real DW. Synthetic water of low and medium concentration had higher removal percentages. These were between 50 and 60 for nitrogen and 40 and 70 for phosphorus, with a maximum growth of 1x107 cells /ml. For real DW, the removal was 65% for phosphorus and 80% for nitrogen. These results suggest Scenedesmus sp could be used to treat DW, enhancing nutrient removal and obtaining biomass for other purposes.
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    Microbiology cell-staining wastewater treatment using T iO 2 thin films
    (Universidad del Valle, 2015-06-19) Fernández, Jorge A.; Cardozo, Magda G.; Carrascal, Ana K.; Salcedo, Juan C.; Pedroza, Aura M.; Daza, Carlos E.
    (Eng) Microbiology cell-staining wastewater was treated by UV/TiO 2 thin films photocatalysis. A simple method of applying gravity sedimentation over grass-type substrate was used for the preparation of the films. The use of Na4 P2 O7, microwaves, and ultrasounds were studied for decreasing the TiO2 grain sizes on the films. It was established that the best method for reducing grain size resulted from a combination of Na4P2O7 (0.01M) and microwave radiation (700 W, 20 min). The Films were characterized by several microscopic and spectroscopic methods. Anatase phase (gap energy of 3.2 eV) and grain sizes averaging 83 nm were achieved. Photocatalysis tests using TiO2-film showed 99.5 % of decolorization, 79 % TOC abatement, and total microbial inactivation after 14 h of treatment. No bacteria re–growth was found 48 h after the treatment was completed.
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    Multiplying factors of Tunjuelo River
    (Universidad del Valle, 2018-01-30) Múnera, Diana C.; Sarmiento, Luisa F.; Porras, Lina S.; Rodríguez-Susa, Manuel S.
    (Eng) The most important sources of pollution in urban rivers are the sewage system discharges, disturbing the quality and behavior patterns of water resources. The Tunjuelo River is one of the most polluted and important stream from Bogota city, receiving numerous wastewater discharges. Therefore, its sanitation has become one of the main objectives of the environmental authority. However, in order to take action is necessary to understand the water quality behavior specifically loads patterns. This article shows the results of the load multiplier factors for total suspended solids (TSS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), these factors were calculated to understand the behavior of wastewater discharges and at different points on the river. Finally, each discharge has its own characteristics that affect differently the behavior of the river downstream, resulting in a distortion in the flow pattern in most of the sampled points.