Examinando por Materia "Broca del café"

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    Determinación molecular de la depredación de broca del café (Hypothenemus hampei) por hormigas (Resumen de trabajo).
    (2018-07-12) Quintero Ayala, Rodrigo Fernán; Montoya Lerma, James (Director); Díaz, Fernando (Codirector)
    En el presente estudio se evaluó la especificidad de un par de cebadores del gen mtCOI para identificar broca del café haciendo un análisis molecular del contenido intestinal de hormigas alimentadas con broca. Para esto, se establecieron colonias artificiales de varias especies de hormigas de las que se seleccionó Crematogaster montezumia para los análisis moleculares.
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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Fungi associated with Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Tabasco, Mexico.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2019-12-31) Torres de La Cruz, Magdiel; Gerónimo Torres, José del Carmen; Ortiz García, Carlos Fredy; Ayala Escobar, Victoria; Pérez de La Cruz, Manuel; Cappello García, Silvia; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    In the state of Tabasco, Mexico, the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei, was reported for the first time in 2004. Since then it has become the main insect pest of coffee in this area. The aim of the present study was to document the mycobiota associated to H. hampei adults in coffee plantations of three localities of Tabasco: Teapa, Tacotalpa and Huimanguillo. Coffee berries infested with the coffee berry borer were collected from the field and adults of H. hampei were extracted. The fungi that grew on the Scolytinae cadavers were isolated and identified using taxonomic keys. Two isolates of each morphological species were molecularly identified. A total of 74 isolates was obtained from the cuticle of H. hampei. Of them, 52 presented morphological affinity with Fusarium solani, five with F. oxysporum, five with F. verticillioides, one with Geotrichum candidum and 11 with Beauveria bassiana. The DNA sequences showed similarity with sequences found in GenBank, with homologies of 99 % and 100 %, which coincided with each morphological species. The most abundant species was F. solani (70.2 %), followed by B. bassiana (14.8 %). The species F. verticillioides and F. oxysporum represented each one, at 6.7 %, respectively. The least abundant was G. candidum (1.3 %). The findings of the species F. verticillioides and G. candidum are new reports of micromycetes fungi associated with H. hampei. This study contributes to the knowledge of the diversity of fungi associated with H. hampei.
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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) as in vitro inducer of laminarinase and chitinase of Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae).
    (Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Acuña Payano, Rosalyn; Quiroz Farfán, Diego; Laynes Zela, Pedro; Nolasco Cárdenas, Oscar; Gutiérrez Román, Ana; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle
    In Peru, Hypothenemus hampei or the coffee berry borer, (CBB) is the most important pest, causing specific damage to coffee crops, because it causes fruit to fall during feeding. On the other hand, Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus widely used in biological control. This study determine the induction of chitinase and laminarinase of B. bassiana in presence of H. hampei powder and how it relates to pathogenicity in order to promote the development of biological control agents and replace the use of pesticides. Three different liquid media cultures were prepared to induce the enzymatic production and growth of B. bassiana; and biomass, total proteins, conidia, enzymatic activities and enzymatic specific activities were evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Significant differences (P < 0.05) for biomass (F = 5.30; df = 35; P < 0.05), conidia (F = 190.87; df = 35; P < 0.05), total proteins (F = 91.04; df = 35; p < 0.05), laminarinase activity (F = 27.61; df = 35; P < 0.05), specific laminarinase activity (F = 25.31; df = 35; P < 0.05), chitinase activity (F = 32.66; df = 35; P < 0.05) and specific chitinase activity (F = 26.91; df = 35; P < 0.05) were determined between each treatment evaluated. Levels of chitinase and laminarinase determined that induction of these enzymes is possible in liquid media cultures supplemented with powdered H. hampei extract. Results require further evaluation for application in vivo but are fundamental and constitute a contribution to knowledge about the pathogenic mechanism of B. bassiana.