Examinando por Materia "Heliconia psittacorum"

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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Comunidades bacterianas involucradas en el ciclo del nitrógeno en humedales construidos.
    (2012-10-08) Pérez Peláez, Norma R.; Peña Varón, Miguel R.; Sanabria, Janeth
    La elevada producción de agua residual y su falta de tratamiento ha llevado a la búsqueda de sistemas de depuración eficiente, económica, fácil de operar y que permitan considerar el agua residual como un recurso. Los humedales construidos son sistemas de tratamiento promisorios para este fin, pero la investigación de los microorganismos involucrados en la transformación de los nutrientes en éstos es aún incipiente. En este estudio se reportan los resultados de la evaluación de poblaciones de bacterias nitrificantes, heterotróficas y fijadoras de nitrógeno presentes en el medio de soporte, en este caso grava y columna de agua en tres humedales construidos (HC) sometidos a distintas cargas hidráulicas y con diferentes especies vegetales: Phragmites australis, Heliconia psittacorum y uno sin vegetación como control. El humedal con P. australis presentó mayores densidades de bacterias nitrificantes y fijadoras de Nitrógeno (5.35 y 7.18 unidades log gr-1, respectivamente); el humedal con H. psittacorum presentó las menores densidades para todos los grupos de bacterias y el humedal control mostró la mayor densidad de bacterias heterótrofas (7.22 unidades log gr-1). El número de bacterias de las poblaciones encontradas, sugiere la importante actividad metabólica y dinámica de estos microorganismos en los sistemas de humedales construidos en el trópico.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Enhancement of the potential biodegradability and the mineralization of a pesticides mixture after being treated by a coupled process of TiO2-based solar photocatalysis with constructed wetlands.
    (2014-04-28) Colina Márquez, José; Machuca Martínez, Fiderman; Salas, Wilson
    Solar heterogeneous photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation technology, which allows a successful treatment of many recalcitrant and emergent pollutants, such as: pesticides, industrial dyes and pharmaceutical compounds. Nonetheless, despite its effectiveness, the costs of applying this process are high when it is necessary to achieve a complete mineralization or to obtain an environment-friendly effluent. Photocatalytic–biological coupled systems have become in a feasible alternative able to treat efficiently these pollutants. In this work, a coupled system consistent of two compound parabolic collectors (CPC) solar photoreactors and a subsurface flow constructed wetland (SFCW) at pilot-scale was tested for degrading a mixture of commercial pesticides used in sugar cane crops. For measuring the process performance, regarding to the pollutant removal, the increase of the BOD5/COD ratio and the total organic carbon (TOC) removal were estimated for each separated system and the coupled system. Three different levels of solar UV accumulated energy and feed flow-rates to the SFCW were considered for the experimental design. The pilot-scale coupled system increased the BOD5/COD ratio from 0.15 to 0.90, and the TOC removal (total mineralization) was around 80%.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Treatment of landfill leachate by polyculture constructed wetlands planted with native plants
    (Universidad del Valle, 2016-07-08) Madera P., Carlos A.
    (Eng) Use of constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment (domestic, storm water, landfill leachate, acid drainage mine) has increase since the mid 90´s. This paper presented the results of the study at pilot scale of constructed wetland (CW) for landfill leachate (LL) treatment planted with polycultures of tropical species Gynerium sagittatum (Gs), Colocasia esculenta (Ce) and Heliconia psittacorum (He). The CW cells were operated during 7 months at continuous gravity flow (Q=0.5 m3 d-1). Three CWs were divided into three sections, and each section (5.98 m2) was seeded with 36 cuttings of each species. The other unit was planted randomly. The final distribution of plants in the CW cells was: CW-I (He-Ce-Gs), CW-II (randomly), CW-III (Ce-Gs-He) and CW-IV (Gs-He-Ce). All CW cells received pre-treated LL from a high-rate anaerobic pond (BLAAT®) operating as primary treatment. Influent and effluent from each CW cell were analysed for total and filtered COD weekly and heavy metal (HM) (Cd, Pb and Hg) fortnightly. Flowering, stem length, Chlorophyll and photosynthetic rates in plants were measured fortnightly. The removal efficiencies were good; with better performances in CW-IV (60-90%) for all parameters, indicating that plant distribution may affect the removal capacity of CW cells. All plants presented a good physiological response and constant growth along the research period. The native plants thus demonstrated their suitability for phytoremediation of LL and all could be categorized as HM accumulators