Examinando por Materia "Pests"

Mostrando 1 - 3 de 3
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    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Arthropod pests and their management, natural enemies and flora visitors associated with castor (Ricinus communis), a biofuel plant: a review.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) López Guillén, Guillermo; Gómez Ruiz, Jaime; Barrera, Juan F.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    Interest in bioenergetic crops, such as the castor oil plant Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), for production of biodiesel has increased in recent years. In this paper, phytophagous arthropods, their natural enemies and floral visitors associated with this plant in the world are reviewed. Despite its insecticidal properties, arthropods have been reported feeding on R. communis plants. The arthropod pests of R. communis damage all parts of the plant, including the seeds, where some toxic compounds are even more concentrated. In the scientific databases, we found reports of 193 arthropods associated to R. communis in different parts of the world. This information obtained in the scientific databases was concentrated in a database and analyzed according to the coevolutive hypothesis, which allows us to predict that the greatest wealth and abundance of phytogenic arthropods is found in the center of origin by R. communis. According to this review, Achaea janata, Spodoptera litura, Edwardsiana flavescens, Liriomyza trifolii, L. sativae, Spilosoma obliqua, Cogenethes punctiferalis, Oxyrhachis taranda, and Helicoverpa armigera are the most devastating pests in Asia. In Africa, Agrotis ipsilon, S. exigua, Nezara viridula, Trialeurodes ricini, and Tetranychus urticae were mentioned as the most important. In Central and South-America, Phyllophaga sp., Agrietes sp., Erinnyis ello, N. viridula, Corythucha gossypii, Falconia antioquiana, and S. marima are reported as pests of economic importance. The most commonly reported natural enemies of some of these arthropod pests were species of Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. popilliae, Trichogramma achaeae, T. chilonis, T. minutum, T. australicum, T. dendrolimi, T. pretiosum, T. evanescens, Microplitis rufiventris, M. maculipennis, M. ophiusae, Telenomus remus, T. proditor, Stethorus siphonulus and S. histrio. Apis mellifera is recorded as the main insect pollinator of R. communis. Pest management methods used against the arthropod pests of R. communis include biological, ethological, mechanical, cultural, genetic, and chemical control.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Potential predation of commercial hemipterans on Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) eggs.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) Pérez Guerrero, Sergio; Molina Rodríguez, José María; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle
    Drosophila suzukii is an exotic and invasive pest (from South East Asia) affecting a wide range of important crops from Europe and America, especially berries. This work analyzes potential predation of some commercial hemipterans on D. suzukii eggs under laboratory conditions using blueberry fruits. Three treatments were established: infested fruit + predator, no-infested fruit + predator (control) and no-infested fruit without predator (control). After 72 h, predators were removed, and the numbers of live and dead recorded. The mean number of D. suzukii adults that emerged per fruit was compared with number of adults that emerged from the control group. Numbers of live and dead predators from infested fruits treatment were compared with numbers of live and dead predators from the no-infested fruit control group. Among tested predators, only Anthocoris nemoralis displayed a significant reduction on adult’s emergence (~50 %). No significant differences in the mean number of D. suzukii emerged adults per fruit were found for the treatments with Orius laevigatus, Macrolophus pygmaeus and Nesidiocoris tenuis, although N. tenuis showed significant higher survival rates when kept with infested fruits. Further and extended research is required in order to confirm the potential predation of A. nemoralis on D. suzukii eggs reported here.
  • Miniatura
    PublicaciónAcceso abierto
    Updated status of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Jordan with emphasis on the Bemisia tabaci species complex.
    (Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Ghabeish, Ihab; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, James
    Whiteflies are economically important plant pests that cause damage to crops worldwide. This study aimed to update the status of whiteflies in Jordan by combining the classical morphological identification and the DNA markers using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene. Over the course of three consecutive years, 111 whiteflies were collected from different geographical regions and different plant hosts in Jordan. The results showed that, in addition to Bemisia tabaci, another nine different whitefly species were identified, including two species that were recorded for the first time in Jordan: Africaleurodes coffeacola, and Tetraleurodes neemani. A special focus has been given to economically important plant pests like the B. tabaci species complex. Three different diagnostic techniques were used to identify B. tabaci putative species based on mtCOI gene. All the collected samples of B. tabaci species complex were identified as Middle East–Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) putative species.