Revista Colombiana de Entomología
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The Revista Colombiana de Entomología was created in the first congress of the Colombian Society of Entomology in 1973, as the official organ of scientific dissemination of the Society and was published in print from 1975 to 2017. Since 2018 it has been co-published with the Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia) and is completely electronic.
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Publicación Acceso abierto Quantitative biological response of two predators (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) in the larval control of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2021-07-22) Ayala Sulca, Yuri Oliver; Colos Galindo, Percy; Portal Quicaña, Edwin; Ibarra Juárez, Luis; Cóndor Alarcón, Reynán; Carrasco Badajoz, Carlos; Ramírez, Rina; Montoya Lerma, JamesPredation is a biotic factor that influences the structure and functioning of ecosystems, its effect can be quantified through functional (FR) and numerical response in a successful-invasion context. We use FR to understand the coevolutionary relationships, and measured the biological response of the predators Notonecta peruviana and Buenoa fasciata in the control of fourth-stage larvae of Aedes aegypti (F1) at different densities (5, 10, 20, 35, 55 and 80 larvae / liter). Fasting predators (48 hours) were introduced to the test containers (one individual per species) and the FR, the number of preys consumed (Ne), the attack coefficient (a) and handling time (Th). N. peruviana and B. fasciata developed a type II FR in the consumption of larvae of Ae. aegypti (p ≤ 0.01), and occupied close handling times (Th) (t = –1.93; df = 12; p = 0.078). N. peruviana preyed (Ne) twice as many larvae of Ae. aegypti (p ≤ 0.05) and showed a higher attack coefficient (a) in relation to B. fasciata (t = 14.92; df = 12; p = 0.000). The predators N. peruviana and B. fasciata rapidly destabilized and consumed the preys. N. peruviana preyed twice as many larvae, attributable to the recent predator-prey effect compared to the possible coevolutionary adjustment between B. fasciata and Ae. aegypti. It would be important to consider the predator species in the vector control programs for aedine mosquitoes.Publicación Acceso abierto Fluctuation of Premnobius cavipennis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) populations in balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) plantations in the central zone of the Ecuadorian Littoral.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Averos, Joselyn Briggite; Castro Olaya, Jessenia; Martínez Chevez, Malena; Guachambala Ando, Marcelino; Peñarrieta Bravo, Soraya; Chirinos Torres, Dorys; García Cruzatti, Luz; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThis study aimed to determine the population fluctuation of Premnobius cavipennis and the effect of the trap height on balsa plantations (Ochroma pyramidale). The research was in El Vergel, El Empalme, and Guapara, three localities of Ecuador. There were used flight-interception traps with alcohol as an attractant, placed at one, four, and eight meters high. The collection and evaluation were carried out every week, for one year by locality. Premnobius cavipennis showed a population fluctuation throughout the year, with population peaks in months of the rainy season in the three locations. In El Vergel, the greatest abundance of P. cavipennis was found with 2,382 individuals, showing a population maximum in December. In El Empalme 1,263 individuals were captured, with population increases in January and April. In Guapara 525 individuals were registered, showing a population increase in March. There were captured individuals of P. cavipennis in the three heights of the traps in the three locations. There were highly significant differences between the heights, with a greater effect on the capture at one meter in the three locations of individuals at one meter, behavior that was the same in the three locations.Publicación Acceso abierto Diversity of epigeal coleopteran in hualo forests and insigne pine plantations in central Chile.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Huerta Fuentes, Amanda Isabel; Muñoz, Francisco; Curkovic, Tomislav; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesHualo forests (Nothofagus glauca) endemic from Chile have been impacted by anthropic processes such as substitution by exotic plantations of ensigned pine (Pinus radiata). The diversity of epigeous Coleoptera in Hualo forests, highly sensitive to changes, has been scarcely documented in Chile. It was evaluated the seasonal diversity of epigeous Coleoptera in three habitats (hualo forests, pine plantations, and mixed formations of pine plantations and hualo forests) in the area of Constitución, central Chile. During the spring and summer were established three random linear transects of 100 m in three mature stands of each habitat, where 10 pitfall traps were installed every 10 m. For each habitat, the composition, abundance, and richness of epigeous beetles were estimated. The diversity of species was calculated per season using the Shannon-Wiener (H’), Pielou (J’), Chao 2, and Jacknife 1 indexes. Besides, rarefaction curves were built to estimate the expected richness. Nineteen Coleoptera native species belonging to 11 families were detected. In spring, the relative abundances of Coleoptera were significantly higher in pine plantations, followed by mixed formations and hualo forests. In summer, although the abundance was reduced, the predominance in the pine plantations remained stable. The relative richness in pine plantations and hualo forests was similar and superior to mixed formations in summer. However, it was inferred from the rarefaction curves, that only the sampling effort in summer was appropriated. The H’ index was higher in mixed formations in spring, and in N. glauca forests in summer, coinciding with the highest J’. The results suggest that maintaining pine plantations, favors the conservation of epigeous Coleoptera, acting as reservoirs of biodiversity, possibly due to the greater tree cover and understory, in this particular habitat.Publicación Acceso abierto Land use and terrestrial arthropods at the Colombian Pacific coast.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Löhr, Bernhard; Narváez, Alexandra; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesDiversity, permanence, and activity of terrestrial arthropods were investigated in four areas of different land use in the lowlands of the Pacific coast of Colombia with the aim to identify potential predator species for the palm root borer, Sagalassa valida. Ten pitfall traps were established along a 100 m transect in four areas: a secondary forest, a 20 year.-old peach palm plantation, and two hybrid oil palm plantations of three and seven years of age, respectively. Twenty-two collections were made covering a whole year. All ants were identified to species or morphospecies level, the other arthropods to order or where possible to family level. In total, 50,603 arthropods were captured, the most abundant were ants (37.0 %), followed by Collembola (35.4 %), Acari (10.6 %), Coleoptera (7.0 %) and Diptera, Hemiptera and Araneae in almost equal numbers (around 2.5 %). Orthoptera (92 % Gryllidae) were present in all collections, always at low numbers. The highest number of ants were recorded in the oil palm transects; Diptera, Hemiptera and Orthoptera were more numerous in the secondary forest, Acari, Araneae and Collembola in the palm transects. Ectatomma ruidum was by far the dominant ant species (84.9 % of all specimens) and absent from only 20 of the 880 captures. The second most frequent ant genus were army ants with two species, Labidus praedator and L. coecus. Rainfall, even area-wide flooding, and temperature did not explain variability in captures of any taxonomic group satisfactorily. We conclude that E. ruidum might be the predator to provide control of the root borer and recommend further studies on its efficiency.Publicación Acceso abierto Temperature effect on the phenotypic expression of characters of costal spots Nyssorhynchus triannulatus (Diptera: Culicidae: Anophelinae).(Universidad del Valle, 2021-03-03) González Obando, Ranulfo; Cárdenas Henao, Heiber; Marín Londoño, Omar Alejandro; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesIn this study, the effect of temperature on the phenotypic expression of size, elongation (length/width) and costal wing spots among families, progenies and sexes was evaluated through traditional morphometry in populations of Nyssorhynchus triannulatus from southern Colombia. In the progenies of 11 families, obtained at 20, 24 and 28 °C the wings showed four costal spots patterns. Pattern I was present in all three breeding temperatures with the highest frequency. Within families, the average length/width of wing ratio was significantly higher in males than females, while the variation by sex of this character was similar. Among the families, the temperature had variable influence on the sizes of wings and costal spots. Within the components of phenotypic variation, the breeding temperature had no significant detectable effect on the length of the wing and several of the analyzed characters; however, the proportion of the subcostal pale spot length over the length of the distal sector dark spot (SCP/DSD) was the most sensitive to temperature changes. The genetic contribution of the wing size and the measured characters length, as well as the effect of the families (origin) on the phenotypic variation, was significant for almost all the characters analyzed. The effect of the sexes on the phenotypic variation of the studied characters was significant only for some characters, while there were few significant interactions between the three factors analyzed (temperature, family and sex) with a low effect on the phenotypic variation.Publicación Acceso abierto Bottom-up effects on arthropod communities in Platycyamus regnellii (Fabaceae) fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Fernandes de Souza, Gezilene; Demolin Leite, Germano Leão; Souza Silva, Farley William; Arruda Sampaio, Regynaldo; Silva, Júlia Letícia; Texeira, Gustavo Leal; Alvarenga Soares, Marcus; Cola Zanuncio, José; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesSewage sludge is a nitrogen-rich organic compound, which can be used to aid development in plants such as Platycyamus regnellii (Fabaceae), in the recovery of degraded areas. This study aimed to assess the bottom-up effects on leaf mass and percentage of ground cover (leaf litter, herbaceous plants, and grasses) in P. regnellii trees fertilized (or not) with dehydrated sewage sludge and arthropod communities over 24 months. Platycyamus regnellii trees fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge presented significantly more leaves per branch, branches per tree, and a higher percentage of ground cover compared to unfertilized trees. Phenacoccus sp. (Pseudococcidae) was the most abundant phytophagous insect associated with P. regnellii trees. Fertilization did not affect the abundance, diversity, and species richness of Hemiptera phytophagous on P. regnellii trees. However, fertilized trees presented higher abundance and species richness of trophobiont-tending ants compared to unfertilized trees, with Camponotus sp. being the most abundant regardless of the treatment. Fertilized P. regnellii trees also presented higher species richness of natural enemies compared to unfertilized ones, with Aranae and Dolichopodidae being the most abundant. We concluded that fertilization with dehydrated sewage sludge improved P. regnellii trees leaf mass and ground cover and increased the diversity of trophobiont-tending ants and natural enemies. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the arthropods community associated with this tree species. This suggests that upon fertilization, P. renellii trees are useful for ecological restoration in severely disturbed areas.Publicación Acceso abierto Effect of climatic factors, plant varieties, and planting densities on arthropod dynamics in rice crops in Yopal - Casanare, Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Obregon, Diana; Hernández Guzmán, Francisco Javier; Ríos Moyano, Diana Katherinne; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThe diversity and population dynamics of the arthropods present in rice crops under dry and irrigated planting systems were evaluated, with two rice varieties (Fedearroz 174 and Fedearroz 733), and in three planting densities (60, 100, and 180 kg/ha) in relation to different climatic variables. For specimen collection, 10 double entomological net passes were performed every eight days from emergence to the start of the maturation phase. The morphotypes found were identified and grouped according to their type of interaction with the crop in sap-suckers, chewers, predators, and parasitoids. The most relevant climatic variables were selected with a Random Forest analysis. 126 morphotypes were identified in 12 orders. The greatest richness was found in Hemiptera, Coleoptera and Diptera, as well as in the group of suckers. No differences were found in the abundance or richness of arthropods between varieties or planting densities. The irrigation system presented a greater total abundance of arthropods compared to the rainfed system, but in this system, there was higher species richness. Parasitoid and predator populations were negatively correlated with chewers but there was no effect on sap-suckers. Temperature and relative humidity were the most relevant climatic variables in arthropod dynamics. These results contribute to develop pest monitoring and management systems that take into account the dynamics of interaction between ecological groups and the effect of local climate.Publicación Acceso abierto Systematics and diversity of Neotropical ants.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Fernandez, Fernando; Guerrero, Roberto J.; Sánchez Restrepo, Andrés F.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesWith a long history of more than 100 million years and about 14,000 described living species, ants are one of the most important and well-known groups of insects in the world. Ants are key elements in the structure and dynamics of terrestrial systems, especially in the tropics, as well as models in studies of evolution, ecology, and monitoring of disturbed ecosystems. For all this, it is essential to know their history and phylogeny, in order among other things, to have a solid base for their systematics and taxonomy. Within Aculeata ants appear to be the sister group of Apoidea, and the ancestor of the Formicidae may have inhabited the northern hemisphere during the early Cretaceous. Since then, and especially since the Eocene, ants have spread throughout the planet, occupying almost all environments from forests to deserts. The Neotropical region has 137 genera and around 3,100 species of ants. The Neotropics seem to have been the “cradle” and “museum” of the groups of ants, which would explain their great diversity and a high degree of endemisms. This review describes the current state of knowledge of ants in the Neotropical region from a systematic point of view, with a synopsis of all supraspecific taxa described to date. Critical genera, problems to be solved, and perspectives for the study of these insects are also presented.Publicación Acceso abierto Use of andiroba oil to control Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) in different fruit hosts.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Wille, Cleiton Luiz; Machado da Rosa, Joatan; Wille, Paulo Eduardo; Brillinger, Dahise; Franco, Cláudio Roberto; Boff, Pedro; Souza Gonçalves, Paulo Antônio de; Carissimi Boff, Mari Inês; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesControl of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is usually accomplished with synthetic insecticides, which can be a problem considering exportation of fruits. This study aimed to evaluate mortality and offspring effects on A. fraterculus using peach, strawberry guava and apple fruits treated with andiroba (Carapa guianensis) oil. Higher mortality rate was observed when compared to control on strawberry guava and apple fruits treated with andiroba oil (18.4 % and 35.0 % points more than the control). The mean number of pupae observed in the offspring was inferior to the control on strawberry guava and apple fruits treated with andiroba oil (100 % control) and, on peach fruits (68.3 % fewer pupae). Andiroba oil shows promising results as an alternative product to control A. fraterculus. Studies are still needed especially considering the effectiveness of andiroba oil under field conditions.Publicación Acceso abierto Use of generalized linear models in the Leptopharsa gibbicarina (Hemiptera: Tingidae) count in oil palm.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Mesa Fúquen, Eloina; Hernández Henández, Juan Sebastián; Campero, Jhonatan Eduardo; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThe analysis of data coming from the counting of events must consider tools that are appropriate to deal with this type of variable. A valid approach to cope with this task consists of using the Generalized Linear Model (GLM). The use of GLM allows working with density functions such as Poisson or Negative Binomial. This work presents the results of analyzing the data from an experiment carried out at the Research Station of Cenipalma located in the municipality of Barrancabermeja (Colombia). The experiment was established to evaluate, at the field level, the entomopathogenic fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum as a strategy to control the population of the lace bug, Leptopharsa gibbicarina. The experiment was carried out in two plots, in one of them, the control of L. gibbicarina with P. lilacinum was implemented as suggested by the Entomology research program of Cenipalma and, in the other plot there was no control strategy. The data were analyzed by using GLM and two different density functions (Poisson and the negative binomial). Results showed statistically significant differences between the treatments. The estimator of the maximum likelihood associated with the P. lilacinum treatment indicated that the application of the entomopathogenic fungus reduced the populations of L. gibbicarina with a rate of incidence of 0.28 times more than the control.Publicación Acceso abierto Toxicological and behavioral impacts of atrazine on Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) in choice tests.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Demolin Leite, Germano Leão; Rodrigues Bispo, Edilson Paulo; Costa Alvarenga, Anarelly; Paulo, Paula Daiana de; Alvarenga Soares, Marcus; Lemes, Pedro Guilherme; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesWeeds should be controlled with low impact methods and selective agrochemicals that have little or no effect on non-target organisms. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the herbicide atrazine (triazine class) on 10 Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera) species. A female of 10 species of these natural enemies was individually placed in a glass test tube (free-choice test) with two paper cards containing 45 Anagasta (Ephestia) kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs (treatment and control), with 10 replications. The cards were sprayed with the herbicide atrazine at 8.07 L/ha; the control was sprayed with distilled water. Parasitism by these natural enemies was allowed for 48 h. Atrazine changes the behavior of female parasitoids, reducing the parasitism (≈ 71 %) and emergence (≈ 74 %) rates and sex ratio (≈ 74 %) of the Trichogrammatidae species, except for Trichogramma galloi and T. bennetti. No females emerged from eggs parasitized by T. acacioi, Trichogrammatoidea annulata, T. atopovirilia, T. bruni, T. brasiliensis, T. demoraesi, and T. soaresi with atrazine. The results revealed that atrazine herbicide is harmless to T. bennetti and T. galloi, but it was moderately harmful (80 – 99 % reduction) to the other Trichogrammatidae species based on the parasitism and emergence rates.Publicación Acceso abierto Incidence of pests in post-harvest material of nine export-type hydrangea cultivars in Antioquia (Colombia).(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Molina Acosta, Maria Daniela; Calvo, Samir Julián; Palacio, Magda Milena; Giraldo, Carlos Eduardo; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesFloriculture in Colombia has great economic and social impact bringing important profit to the sector for more than 40 years. Recently, the hydrangeas flower market have the largest growths in cultivated areas and exported product, but they also have the highest rates of interceptions at the international ports. Even so, few information about the main pests affecting crops, areas or cultivars has been published. This study evaluated the pests captured on hydrangeas’ flowers inspected in a trading company of the Eastern region of Antioquia. A total of 6,272 samples (31,360 flowers), of nine cultivars from 86 farms in six municipalities collected during five months were used. The 8.61 % of the samples had at least one limiting-pest specimen for exportation. The most frequent arthropods were mites, eggs and motile stages, and in less frequency aphids, thrips and slugs. The most affected cultivars were those with blue flowers. The 90 % of the farms (n = 86) had at least one event of interception, although there was no spatial pattern associated with municipality. Our data suggest that the interceptions by quarantine pests were associated with the crop and post-harvest management rather than their geographic location or cultivars. This work provides, for the first time, information of the pests with highest incidence in exporting-type Hydrangeas. Although there is no information about the incidence of hydrangeas pests in the crops, these results could help to identify priority areas and cultivars for inspection and evaluation in the field.Publicación Acceso abierto Spatial distribution of the Mexican fruit fly complex (Anastrepha spp.) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Michoacán, México.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Vanegas Carrillo, Ricardo; Ramírez Dávila, José Francisco; Rivera Martínez, Roberto; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesGlobally, fruit production is one of the main sources of income since it generates large economic spills for producers, however, it is affected by various pests. In Mexico, the Mexican fruit fly is one of the main pests that cause considerable economic damage. Fruit oviposited by this pest usually is no longer accepted in the market causing large economic losses to the producers. The alternative controls against this pest have been ineffective due, among other causes, to the fact that their spatial distribution within plum, orange, sapote, guava and mango orchards is unknown. Therefore, this work aimed to determine the spatial distribution of the Mexican fruit fly populations in these orchards, through the application of spatial statistics techniques and the generation of maps through "kriging". The results showed that populations of this fruit pest have an aggregate distribution, which was corroborated by density maps. Infestations were distributed in different areas of the orchards, which would be useful to direct control measures on specific areas of infestation.Publicación Acceso abierto Thermal requirements of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) lines in Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Ramos Coutinho, Cristiane; Araújo de Souza, Suyanne; Dos Santos Pontes, Antônia Débora; Sekiguchi de Godoy, Mauricio; Fagundes Pereira, Fabricio; Pastori, Patrik Luiz; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of temperature on the development of two lines of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), to determine the thermal requirements of this parasitoid wasp on Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) eggs. The experiment was carried out with two lines (“Ubajara” and “Guaraciaba”, Ceará State) of T. pretiosum collected naturally parasitizing eggs of N. elegantalis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. In this experiment, 40 eggs of the host N. elegantalis and 4 females of the parasitoids were used, with exposure to parasitism for 24 hours at 25 ± 1 °C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10 %, and 12-h photophase. At the end of this period, females were removed and the tubes were transferred to incubators (RH = 70 ± 10 %; 12-h photophase), exposed to 15, 20, 25, 30, or 35 °C, until emergence of the following generation of the parasitoids. The percentage of emergence, sex ratio, the number of parasitoids that emerged per egg, and cycle duration were assessed. The experiments were set up in a completely randomized experimental design with 5 treatments (temperatures) and 12 replicates. ANOVA was conducted and the means were compared by Tukey test (P < 0.05). The base temperatures were 10.77 °C and 10.86 °C and the number of generations per year were 33.29 and 35.63 for “Ubajara” and “Guaraciaba”, respectively. The study showed that temperature changed the biological parameters, and cycle duration of the “Ubajara” and “Guaraciaba” lines decreased as temperature increased.Publicación Acceso abierto Updated status of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Jordan with emphasis on the Bemisia tabaci species complex.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Ghabeish, Ihab; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesWhiteflies are economically important plant pests that cause damage to crops worldwide. This study aimed to update the status of whiteflies in Jordan by combining the classical morphological identification and the DNA markers using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene. Over the course of three consecutive years, 111 whiteflies were collected from different geographical regions and different plant hosts in Jordan. The results showed that, in addition to Bemisia tabaci, another nine different whitefly species were identified, including two species that were recorded for the first time in Jordan: Africaleurodes coffeacola, and Tetraleurodes neemani. A special focus has been given to economically important plant pests like the B. tabaci species complex. Three different diagnostic techniques were used to identify B. tabaci putative species based on mtCOI gene. All the collected samples of B. tabaci species complex were identified as Middle East–Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) putative species.Publicación Acceso abierto Population fluctuation and parasitism of Aleurothrixus floccosus (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)in citrus trees from Atacama Desert, Chile.(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Tello Mercado, Víctor; Zarzar Maza, Miguel; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThe effect of three different types of crop management on parasitism of Aleurothrixus floccosus in the Atacama Desert was studied. The studied parasitoids were: Cales noacki, Eretmocerus paulistus, Amitus spiniferus, and the hyperparasitoid Signiphora sp. The study was performed in Pica Oasis, located in the Atacama Desert, Tarapacá region, Chile, from February 2009 until February 2011. Three orchards were selected based on the type of plantation: the Bajo Miraflores Sector with plantation frames (5 x 5 m) and pruning management; the San Lorenzo Sector without plantation frames or pruning management; and Miraflores Sector that represents a mixed system between both of them. Two sampling procedures were applied. One was of the absolute type, in which 36 leaves per tree were collected from four labeled trees that were sampled twice a month, and the other was collected through yellow sticky chrome-attracting traps set in the central part of each of the labeled trees used for absolute sampling. The results indicate that in the Oasis of Pica, the different stages of A. floccosus are distributed throughout the year; with all stages represented during every month. The three sampled sectors exhibited different population levels of A. floccosus. The hyperparasitoid Signophora sp. presented the highest population density. The average parasitism percentage of A. floccosus in Pica was lower than 15 %.Publicación Acceso abierto Differences in optical properties of males and females pupae of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2021-02-03) Mundstock Jahnke, Simone; Gebbers, Robin; Capella Zanott, Daniel; Intreβ, Joachim; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesOne alternative to pesticide-based control of important fruit fly (Tephritidae) species is the sterile insect technique (SIT). SIT is based on mass releases of sterile males (subjected to radiation) to control a given pest population. For several important species such as Rhagoletis pomonella, Bractocera oleae and Anastrepha fraterculus, a technical challenge is to differentiate males from females in the pupal stage. Although for some species sterile females are released in the field, it is not desirable to release females from Anastrepha spp. as puncture damage may occur. Therefore, we investigated hyperspectral and RGB imaging to classify the sex in A. fraterculus pupae. We aimed to discriminate, through the description of RGB spectra and hyperespectral profiles, males and females in different stages of pupal development. Images of pupae of different degree-day (DD) development times were obtained. The hyperspectral profiles pupae of 288, 345 and 403 DD showed differences, indicating that pupal hue is altered throughout the development. In the NIR spectrum (800 to 1,700 nm), a higher reflectance between 1,100 and 1,400 nm was observed. In these bands differences in the spatial standard deviation of reflectance between males and females occur. As for the RGB images we observed differences in radiometric variation angle from the top to the basal part of the pupae. For females the radiometric variation angle was greater (26°) than for the males (15°). Thus, it is possible to determine discriminatory characteristics using the spectral profiles, imaging techniques and data analysis to discriminate the sexes.Publicación Acceso abierto Record of damage by Aulacoscelis melanocera (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae) on Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae) in Campeche, Mexico.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-12-26) Sánchez Soto, Saúl; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesOn May 7, 2018, in the garden of an archaeological site in northern Campeche, Mexico, a Cycas revoluta plant was observed with approximately 40 % of the foliage damaged by a swarm of Aulacoscelis melanocera (Coleoptera: Orsodacnidae). The present work constitutes the first report of this species causing severe damage in C. revoluta and the first record of this insect for the state of Campeche.Publicación Acceso abierto The weevil Dynamis borassi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae) associated with native palms in forests and disturbed areas in Buenaventura, Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-12-26) Bautista Giraldo, Maria Alejandra; Armbrecht, Inge; Vásquez Ordoñez, Aymer Andrés; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesDeforestation produces homogeneous agricultural environments creating an imbalance between herbivores and their hosts. Since 2010, there has been a phytosanitary crisis in the peach palm (or chontaduro), Bactris gasipaes in the Colombian Pacific Region which can be attributed to two species of palm weevils: Rhynchophorus palmarum and Dynamis borassi. It has been proposed that deforestation of native palms, used by these weevils, induces these to find new resources in the peach palm. This study examined the association of these two weevils with native palms near chontaduro crops and how this occurs in two types of habitats. Six secondary forests and six anthropogenically disturbed areas were visited in third administrative division: “corregimientos” 1 and 2 (Zone A) and 7 and 8 (Zone B) in the municipality of Buenaventura. Three 50 x 100 m plots were designated in each zone, all palms with damage being recorded; the sampling was also complemented with a free sample. Twelve palm species distributed into one subfamily and nine genera were identified. A total of 271 unopened inflorescences were examined in Zone A and 501 in Zone B. Only evidence of damage was found in individuals of the “milpesos” palm (Oenocarpus bataua), an economically exploitable species. The proportion of palms affected in terms of habitat was significantly higher in the disturbed habitat. This is the first record that quantifies a high percentage of association between D. borassi and the “milpesos” palm in the Colombian Pacific Region, a phenomenon that could be explained by agroecological hypotheses.Publicación Acceso abierto The Pheidole ants (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) in the tropical dry forest of Santa Marta, Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-12-26) Camargo Vanegas, José Juan; Guerrero, Roberto Jose; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesAnts are a conspicuous biotic component within the tropical dry forest, due to their great diversity both at the species and functional level. Of all the ants, those of the genus Pheidole (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) stand out, which have been categorized as a hyperdiverse group due to the high number of species. The latter has made this group a taxonomic challenge during the development of diversity and ecology studies, therefore, local studies that offer information on the identity of the Pheidole species of a given area becomes an important resource for the decision making. The ants of the genus Pheidole in different formations of tropical dry forest in Santa Marta were studied. Thirteen species are registered, of which Pheidole guajirana extends its distributional range to the department of Magdalena, while P. impressa and P. leptina are registered for the first time in the country. The diagnosis and description of the new species P. urbana is also offered and its morphological features are compared with similar species of the “flavens” informal group. The species richness of the genus in the different sampling sites is evaluated and discussed. Distinctive morphological characteristics are offered for each of the species. Moreover, morphological variability is discussed, and multifocal color images are included for the soldiers (major worker) and workers (= minor worker) of each of the registered species.