Revista Colombiana de Entomología
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The Revista Colombiana de Entomología was created in the first congress of the Colombian Society of Entomology in 1973, as the official organ of scientific dissemination of the Society and was published in print from 1975 to 2017. Since 2018 it has been co-published with the Universidad del Valle (Cali, Colombia) and is completely electronic.
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Publicación Acceso abierto A proposal of a conceptual framework for the development of entomology research projects and related sciences.(Universidad del Valle, 2019-08-30) Farji Brener, Alejandro G.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesPlanning research projects is a challenge that many students fail to successfully overcome. A lack of formal training in research planning and design, an excessive emphasis on analysis rather than on ideas and a lack of a guide are some of the possible causes of this problem. This essay proposes a conceptual framework that is of didactic utility to guide students in their research projects in entomology and related sciences. Three approximations and three approaches are presented. The proposed approximations are: descriptive, deductive observational and deductive experimental. The first is useful to design descriptive projects, where natural patterns are discovered and determined, and thus it is unnecessary and inaccurate to specify hypotheses and predictions. Deductive approximations use the hypothetical-deductive method and thus need to specify a priori the ideas being tested and the consequences if they are true. In the first deductive approximation, the predictions come from observational data, while in the second they come from experiments. Three approaches proposed are: comparative, associative and manipulative. The first two approaches can be used in both the descriptive and the deductive observational approximations. However, the manipulative approach is necessary if the experimental approximation is used. All these approximations and approaches have strengths and weaknesses; they are complementary rather than exclusive and are illustrated with an ecological study. It is expected that this conceptual framework may be a didactic and useful tool for teachers and students.Publicación Acceso abierto A Un caso de ginandromorfismo en Amblyomma mixtum (Acari, Ixodidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) Rivera Páez, Fredy A.; Labruna, Marcelo B.; Martins, Thiago F.; Rodrigues Sampieri, Bruno; Camargo Mathias, María I.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleGinandromorfismo es una condición donde un organismo exhibe simultáneamente características morfológicas de macho y hembra. En Colombia el taxón Amblyomma cajennense está representado por las especies Amblyomma patinoi y Amblyomma mixtum. En septiembre de 2014 en la Orinoquía colombiana, de infecciones naturales de bovinos y equinos, se colectaron y determinaron garrapatas adultas. En una infección natural de bovino se describió un ginandromorfo clasificado morfológicamente como A. mixtum. Éste es el primer registro en la literatura de un ginandromorfo A. mixtum, y la primera descripción de un ginandromorfo para una especie de garrapata en Colombia.Publicación Acceso abierto Acaricidal activity and repellency of Blechnum cordatum (Blechnaceae) against Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2019-12-31) Hincapié, Carlos A.; Alarcón, Julio; Monsalve, Zulma I.; Céspedes, Carlos L.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesTetranychus urticae is a highly polyphagous mite species, with 1,140 host plant species reported worldwide. In this study, both Blechnum cordatum toxicity and repellent activity against T. urticae are reported. Regarding toxicity, the ethyl acetate fraction at 250 ppm and the n-hexane fractions at 250 ppm and 100 ppm caused the greatest accumulated mortality rate when application was made starting during the larval stage. Results showed that even at the lowest evaluated concentration (10 ppm), both fractions caused a significant decrease in the T. urticae population. The n-hexane fraction caused 100 % repellency at 50 ppm and repellency significantly superior to the control at 10 ppm. Relatively low activity was found when treatments were applied directly to adults. In addition, results suggest that the cumulative mortality could have been caused by starvation due to the observed repellency and the well-known deterrent activity of phytoecdysteroids (PEs) found in the extracts. Four PEs from the B. cordatum n-hexane fraction were isolated: ecdysone, ponasterone A, shidasterone and 2-deoxycrustecdysone.Publicación Acceso abierto Actividad disuasiva y biocida de Salvia officinalis con inducción de malformaciones en Aedes aegypti (Diptera : Culicidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2020-12-26) Castillo Morales, Ruth M.; Duque Luna, Jonny Edward; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesDiferentes estudios han evaluado la actividad biocida de aceites esenciales (AEs) en larvas de mosquitos de importancia médica. Sin embargo, son limitadas las investigaciones que analizan los efectos de los AEs en todos los estadíos del ciclo de vida de Aedes aegypti. Este estudio evalúa la actividad biológica del AE de Salvia officinalis frente a Ae. aegypti. Se evaluó la actividad ovicida a concentraciones de 1, 5, 37 y 50 mg.L-1 en huevos de 0-12 h y huevos de 0-72 h. La actividad larvicida, pupicida y adulticida fue evaluada a concentraciones exploratorias (CE) y múltiples. Para la actividad repelente se empleó una CE de 1.000 mg.L-1 en intervalos de 0-2 min y de 2-15 min de exposición en antebrazos de voluntarios. La actividad disuasiva de oviposición se estimó a CE de 5, 50 y 200 mg.L-1. El AE causó malformaciones en embriones y alteración de las larvas. La mayor actividad larvicida fue a 63 y 76 mg.L-1 (27 ± 13,4 y 37 ± 18,6 %) a 24 h. La mayor mortalidad pupicida fue a 310 y 390 mg.L-1 (89 ± 1,53 and 100 ± 0 %) a las 48 h. La mortalidad adulticida a 300 mg.L-1 fue de 57,5 ± 0 % y el porcentaje de repelencia fue de 42 ± 4,7 %. La acción disuasiva a 200 mg.L-1 fue de 97 ± 4,81 %, con un índice de actividad de ovipostura de -0,94. S. officinalis mostró un efecto biocida en embriones y mortalidad de pupas y adultos, lo que revela que tiene un uso potencial en programas de control focalizados en estos estadios de desarrollo.Publicación Acceso abierto Activity of two entomopathogenic fungi, molecularly identified, on bactericera cockerelli.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Villegas Rodríguez, Fabiola; Díaz Gómez, Ovidio; Casas Flores, J. Sergio; Monreal Vargas, Clara Teresa; Tamayo Mejía, Fernando; Aguilar Medel, Sotero; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleThe potato psyllid Bactericera cockerelli affects solanaceous causes direct damage to crops in Mexico, as well as transmitting prokaryotic pathogens such as Candidatus Liberibacter solanacerum (psyllaurous). In the past, it has been controlled mainly using chemical products, while recent management strategies seek different strategies, including the use of enthomopathogenic fungi. The goal of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of the potato psyllid to commercial and native Metarizhium anisopliae and Be. bassiana strains, and to determine the identity of these fungi through molecular techniques. Bioassays were done under laboratory conditions using the wild type (MA25) of anisopliae, the commercials strain (Metabich®, MA28), the Be. bassiana BB42 wild type strain, and the commercial strain Bassianil® BB09. Five different conidia concentrations were tested against third instar nymphs of Bactericera cockerelli, and their corresponding LC50 and LC95 were determined. The strains tested were pathogenic against the potato psyllid, with the highest virulence obtained using BB09 followed by BB42 and MA28. Using the highest concentrations of the strains, mortality varied between 90 and 100%, with the most virulent being BB09 with a LC50 of 2.99 x 104 conidia per ml, and the least virulent being MA25, with a LC50 of 6.34 x 105 conidia per ml. Previously, the Be. bassiana and M. anisopliae wild type strains were identified using conventional methods; this report confirms them through molecular techniques based on the cloning and sequencing of their rDNA 18S gene.Publicación Acceso abierto Actual knowledge and expansion of the distribution of the Tricorythopsis rondoniensis (Ephemeroptera, Leptohyphidae).(Universidad del Valle, 2016-12-30) Gomes Dias, Lucimar; Cárdenas López, Tatiana; Laython, Marco; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleWith this work, the known distribution of Tricorythopsis rondoniensis in Colombia is expanded, with the first record of this species for the Amazonas and Guaviare Colombian departments. Additionally, the known distribution of T. rondoniensis expands in the department of Meta, with a new record for the Municipality of San Juan de Arama, the closest to Andean region for the genus. These findings extend the records of this species in Colombia and corroborate the proposed distribution for the genus Tricorythopsis.Publicación Acceso abierto Aislamiento e identificación de bacterias de algunas plagas de álamo.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Yaman, Mustafa; Ertürk, Ömer; Fazil Selek, Sabri Ünal; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleSe registra el estudio de la flora bacteriana de cuatro importantes plagas de álamo, Cryptorhynchus lapathi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Sciapteron tabaniformis Rott (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), Nycteola asiatica (Lepidoptera: Nolidae) y Gypsonoma dealbana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) en la búsqueda de agentes de control ecológicamente alternativos contra las plagas del álamo y disminuir los efectos indeseables causados por los plaguicidas químicos en el área urbana y los bosques urbanos. Se aislaron e identificaron cuarenta y tres bacterias de las larvas y adultos de estas plagas a partir de cinco localidades diferentes. Todos los aislados bacteriales fueron cultivados e identificados usando los sistemas VITEK (VITEK® 2 GN ID card prod. no; 21341 and VITEK® 2 GP ID card prod. no; 21342, bioMerieux, Marcy l’Etoile). Los miembros de los géneros de las familias Bacillaceae y Enterobacteriaceae fueron aislados con más frecuencia de ambos insectos de la plaga.Publicación Acceso abierto Alpha and beta diversity of epigean arthropods (Arthropoda) in three sectors on the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) González Montaña, Luis A.; Wilches Álvarez, Winston; Rocha Caicedo, Carlos; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleThe soil arthropods are an important component of the soil biota for their species diversity, function, and as tool to evaluate the habitat conservation state. The conservation state of three sectors in an ecosystem of high mountain (Socha, Tasco and Socotá in Boyacá, Colombia) was evaluated measuring alpha and beta diversity of epigean arthropods assemblage in particular Acari and Collembola. Pitfall traps were installed on transects for each sector; the alpha diversity was measured through Berger-Parker index and a gamma-binomial model was used to obtain a parameter α, which describes the fitting to species abundance distribution. The species diversity estimation was established with coverage-based rarefaction and extrapolation curves, and the beta diversity was measured in species replacement and richness difference. The alpha diversity did not show statistical differences between sectors, but with the highest species richness in the sector of Socotá. The α parameter indicated that the sector of Socotá is the better conserved; similar to that obtained with Acari and Collembola. The spatial turnover or species richness difference showed changes with respect to the sector and taxonomic group (Acari or Collembola), explained by vegetation structure, erosion, and aggregate distribution of epigean arthropods. The species replacement did the main contribution to total beta diversity by sectors while in Acari and Collembola the species replacement was highest in Tasco in contrast to the richness difference in Socha and Tasco. The utility of epigean arthropods to evaluate the soil quality and the partition of the beta diversity in their components was discussed.Publicación Acceso abierto Alternative hosts and standardization of methods to evaluate the biocontrol activity of mycoinsecticides.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-12-26) Torres Torres, Lissette; Espinel Correal, Carlos; Santos Díaz, Adriana Marcela; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesThe entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) and Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Cordycipitaceae) are an alternative for the control of grassland pests (e.g. Rhammatocerus schistocercoides (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and soybean pests (e.g. Cerotoma tingomariana; Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). To use these microorganisms as active principles of micoinsecticides, it is necessary to have quality control methods (microbiological, physicochemical and biological activity) accuracy, and reproducibility in a given timeframe. For this reason and given the difficulty in obtaining individuals in the field and in the establishment of the rearing of R. schistocercoides and C. tingomariana, we established methods for the routine evaluation of biological activity using alternative hosts. For M. anisopliae directed to the control of R. schistocercoides, the model insects Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were tested, and for B. bassiana directed to the control of the target insect C. tingomariana, the model insects D. saccharalis and Chloridea virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were evaluated. D. saccharalis and C. virescens were selected as alternative insects to evaluate the efficacy of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana, respectively. Efficacy was close to 80 % for both pathogens. The methods with the selected alternative insects were standardized and showed that they are repeatable and reproducible under the evaluated conditionsPublicación Acceso abierto Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) of Durango, México.(Universidad del Valle, 2019-12-31) Soto Cárdenas, Miguel Angel; Vásquez Bolaños, Miguel; Gutiérrez García, Cipriano; Correa Ramírez, Miguel Mauricio; Torres Ricario, René; González Güereca, Martha Celina; Chairez Hernández, Isaias; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesAnts are eusocial insects of wide functional and taxonomic diversity, with worldwide distribution in various terrestrial ecosystems (some introduced by man), with the exception of the poles and in the high mountain peaks. About 15,947 species have been described. In Mexico, 973 are known within 94 genera, and for the state of Durango 60 species are registered within 25 genera. However, the Formicidae knowledge in Durango State is limited as it has received little attention; this is mainly due to the lack of specialists, as well as the territorial extension of it. In order to know the myrmecofauna of the state of Durango, collections were made every 15 days between August 1, 2016 and August 1, 2017, in 56 sites in 19 municipalities located in different ecoregions of the State. Forty (40) species belonging to 24 genera were collected; the Myrmicinae subfamily was the most diverse with 21 species, followed by Formicinae (12 spp.), Dolichoderinae (5 spp.) and Dorylinae and Ponerinae with one species each. Ten (10) more ant species are registered for the state of Durango, the richness increasing from 60 to 70 species and from 25 to 32 genera. This study represents the first effort to know the myrmecofauna of the state of Durango, Mexico.Publicación Acceso abierto Arthropod pests and their management, natural enemies and flora visitors associated with castor (Ricinus communis), a biofuel plant: a review.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) López Guillén, Guillermo; Gómez Ruiz, Jaime; Barrera, Juan F.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesInterest in bioenergetic crops, such as the castor oil plant Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), for production of biodiesel has increased in recent years. In this paper, phytophagous arthropods, their natural enemies and floral visitors associated with this plant in the world are reviewed. Despite its insecticidal properties, arthropods have been reported feeding on R. communis plants. The arthropod pests of R. communis damage all parts of the plant, including the seeds, where some toxic compounds are even more concentrated. In the scientific databases, we found reports of 193 arthropods associated to R. communis in different parts of the world. This information obtained in the scientific databases was concentrated in a database and analyzed according to the coevolutive hypothesis, which allows us to predict that the greatest wealth and abundance of phytogenic arthropods is found in the center of origin by R. communis. According to this review, Achaea janata, Spodoptera litura, Edwardsiana flavescens, Liriomyza trifolii, L. sativae, Spilosoma obliqua, Cogenethes punctiferalis, Oxyrhachis taranda, and Helicoverpa armigera are the most devastating pests in Asia. In Africa, Agrotis ipsilon, S. exigua, Nezara viridula, Trialeurodes ricini, and Tetranychus urticae were mentioned as the most important. In Central and South-America, Phyllophaga sp., Agrietes sp., Erinnyis ello, N. viridula, Corythucha gossypii, Falconia antioquiana, and S. marima are reported as pests of economic importance. The most commonly reported natural enemies of some of these arthropod pests were species of Bacillus thuringiensis, B. cereus, B. popilliae, Trichogramma achaeae, T. chilonis, T. minutum, T. australicum, T. dendrolimi, T. pretiosum, T. evanescens, Microplitis rufiventris, M. maculipennis, M. ophiusae, Telenomus remus, T. proditor, Stethorus siphonulus and S. histrio. Apis mellifera is recorded as the main insect pollinator of R. communis. Pest management methods used against the arthropod pests of R. communis include biological, ethological, mechanical, cultural, genetic, and chemical control.Publicación Acceso abierto Arthropods associated with Callisthene fasciculata (Vochysiaceae) canopy in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso, Brazil.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) Yamazaki, Lúcia; Vindica, Vanessa França; Isaac Marques, Marinêz; Battirola, Leandro Dênis; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesStudies on arthropods associated with tropical rainforest canopies contribute to a further understanding of forest canopy community dynamics and their relationship to the structure and function of this ecosystem. This study evaluated arthropod community composition in monodominant Callisthene fasciculata forest canopy throughout the high water and dry periods in the northern region of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso, Brazil, as a part of a project about arboreal canopy arthropods associated with monodominant areas in this region. Sampling was conducted on 12 individuals of C. fasciculata, six from the high-water season (2010) and six from the dry season (2011), using insecticide fogging. A total of 28,197 arthropods were collected. Hymenoptera (the majority being Formicidae), Diptera, Acari, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera and Coleoptera, were the most representative groups. Although the analysis did not show variation in the abundance of individuals between the high water and dry seasons, the arthropod community varied significantly in taxa composition. Opiliones, Embioptera, Ephemeroptera and Scorpiones occurred only during the high-water period, with Polyxenida and Strepsiptera occurring only in the dry season. Thysanoptera was more abundant in the dry season, showing a relationship with the beginning of the C. fasciculata flowering period. In general, the high water and dry seasons maintain distinct communities in this habitat, illustrating how the temporal variation in the phenology of C. fasciculata imposed by the Pantanal’s hydrological regime alters the composition of the associated arthropod communities in the canopy of these monodominant formations in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso.Publicación Acceso abierto Arthropods in necromass of two rosette plants species in different successional stages of Andean Páramo.(Universidad del Valle, 2016-06-30) Eraso Puentes, Laura P.; Amarillo Suárez, Ángela R.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleThe paramos have been affected by landscape changes related to anthropogenic practices to establish rural settlements and farming. Such transformation has produced areas at different successional stages, mixed with natural vegetation. Frailejones are a species of plant very successful in the paramos, and an ideal model to the understanding of the processes of regeneration of communities. Because arthropods are key players in the variety of ecological processes in these communities, the taxonomic and functional diversity of artropofauna associated to the necromass of Espeletia argentea and E. grandiflora, were compared emphasizing in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera, in a not transformed area and two areas at different successional stages in the Cruz Verde paramo (Colombia). The highest richness, abundance and diversity of arthropods were found in E. argentea in the not transformed area. There were highly significant differences between the abundance of individuals established in the three study areas and in the two species of frailejon. Coleoptera and Hymenoptera had the higher diversity in E. argentea in the not transformed area. Coleoptera showed highly significant differences in the abundance of individuals by morphotypes. Meanwhile such differences were not found for Hymenoptera. Studies like this permit a better comprehension of the insect-plant interactions and its relationship with the transformation of the Andean paramo.Publicación Acceso abierto Assessment of the influence of Escherichia coli on the immature stages of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Girardot, Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Garay Gutiérrez, Lina Marcela; Pinilla Agudelo, Gabriel; García Sánchez, Diana Carolina; Quintero Espinosa, Juliana; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleBacterial populations are common in water, especially in ponds and sewage in urban and rural areas.Their abundance seems to affect the presence of some immature aquatic insects.This study aimed to establish the relationship between immature Aedes aegypti states and the presence of Escherichia coli in drinking water reservoirs in the city of Girardot, Colombia. Therefore, a random sampling of 30 water containers in different houses, half of them with the presence of different quantities of immature Ae. aegypti, was made. In all cases, samples were taken in order to make direct counts of E. coli in 3MTM PetrifilmTM Aqua. Nonparametric statistical tests were performed to determine differences and to correlate bacterial populations and vectors. It was found that there is a significant relationship between the number of CFU ml-1 of E. coli and the abundance of immature Ae. aegypti. It was established that there were differences in bacterial abundances between deposits with low, moderate, and high amounts of immature mosquitoes. It was verified that the increase in the number of larvae and pupae of the vector was higher as water samples had higher amounts of E. coli.Publicación Acceso abierto Associated entomofauna with edible canna crops Canna indica (Cannaceae) in three areas of Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2020-07-09) Ortega, María Camila; Mojica Ramos, Sindy Lorena; Vergara Navarro, Erika Valentina; Sotelo Cardona, Paola; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del Valle; Montoya Lerma, JamesEdible canna (Canna indica) is a native crop from the Andes Cordillera and cultivated in Colombia to obtain starch from its rhizomes. Starch is used mostly as a raw material in biscuits and other local products for local and regional consumption manufacture. However, edible canna producers have shown recent concern about new pest effects that may be limiting crop productivity. This study aimed to identify the main insects associated with edible canna plants. Visits were made to production areas in departments of Cundinamarca, Huila, and Nariño. Several harmful Lepidoptera in their larval stage were identified, such as Glyphipterix sp. (Glyphipterigidae), Spodoptera sp. (Noctuidae), Calpodes ethlius and Cobalus cannae (Hesperiidae), and Ischnodemus sp. (Hemiptera: Blissidae). The emergence of adults of a parasitoid wasp of the family Ichneumonidae was observed from larvae of the microlepidopteran Glyphipterix sp. Two natural enemies of Ischnodemus sp., an egg-parasitoid wasp (Chalcidoidea), and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana were collected. Besides, other beneficial insects were collected. This information can serve as a basis for upcoming studies on the biology, and habits of the main insect pests of edible canna (Canna indica), as well as potential biological control agents to generate recommendations for control and management in edible canna crops.Publicación Acceso abierto Bioacumulación de metales pesados en los cuerpos de obreras de Camponotus atriceps y Dorymyrmex brunneus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): un estudio exploratorio.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Rabello Casagrande, Gabriela Cristina; Dambros, Juliane; Lopes Tortorela De Andrade, Ricardo; Battirola, Leandro Dênis; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleEste estudio cuantifica la concentración de metales pesados (cobre, zinc, cadmio, plomo y níquel) en la biomasa de dos especies de hormigas, Camponotus atriceps y Dorymyrmex brunneus de bosques y cultivos, respectivamente, localizadas en Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Para el muestreo de hormigas se utilizaron trampas en ambas áreas, y las concentraciones de metales presentes en la biomasa se obtuvieron por espectrometría de absorción atómica. Las dos especies se seleccionaron porque fueron las más abundantes en cada tipo de uso de la tierra, teniendo en cuenta el volumen requerido de biomasa necesaria para el análisis químico. Los resultados mostraron que, con la excepción del cobre, los metales pesados tuvieron más altas concentraciones en D. brunneus en áreas de cultivo que en C. atriceps procedentes de los bosques nativos. Los resultados se asocian con el hecho de que las áreas de cultivo recibieron alta entrada de insumos de agroquímicos a través del manejo de cultivos de maíz y soja. Por lo tanto, las hormigas son buenos indicadores de la contaminación y polución ambiental en las regiones tropicales y, como se esperaba, la mayor concentración de metales pesados se presentó en las zonas de cultivo en relación con la superficie forestal adyacente.Publicación Acceso abierto Bioecology of Epilachna difficilis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachninae) in Central-West of Mexico.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-06-30) Garcia Segura, Jonas; Cortez Madrigal, Hipolito; Marin Jarillo, Antonio; Angoa Pérez, Maria Valentina; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleEpilachna difficilis was reported for the first time on Bonplandia geminiflora (Polemoniaceae). To study the biological and ecological aspects of this species, samples were taken weekly in 2011 in “La Gloria” Canyon, Sahuayo, Michoacán, México, and complementary studies were conducted in the laboratory. The first occurrence of E. difficilis was observed in mid-August and the last in early December. Defoliation to B. geminiflora ranged from 38.0-98.5 %. Six species of predators, viz., Podisus congrex, Podisus brevispinus, Oplomus dichrous, Oplomus pulcher (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae), Pselliopus nigropictus, and Rocconota sp. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), were recorded. Temperature and precipitation were positively correlated (r = 0.8 and 0.6, respectively) with higher population peaks. However, E. difficilis showed a wide range of adaptability in different regions and climates where its host plants grow. Under laboratory conditions, five instars were recorded during 25.95 days of larval development; the entire lifecycle was completed in 37.8 ± 1.7 days. Of the five crops species evaluated, only cucumber suffered damage (30.0 %) by adult insects, although all insects died thereafter. This is the first bio-ecological study of E. difficilis. Results may be useful in the biological control of related pests such as E. varivestis.Publicación Acceso abierto Biological aspects of the guava’s bark borer Carmenta theobromae (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) in Santander, Colombia.(Universidad del Valle, 2016-12-30) Sarmiento Naizaque, Zaida Xiomara; Insuasty Burbano, Orlando Ildefonso; Martínez Osorio, John Wilson; Barreto Triana, Nancy; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleThe guava’s bark borer is a lepidopteran recently identified as Carmenta theobromae that has caused significant losses in guava crops of the Province of Velez, Santander. The objective of this research was to study egg and larval stages of the bark borer in the laboratory and field during the first semester of 2014. Oviposition sites were described in trees with damage in the field, while egg masses from guava bark were examined in the laboratory. Survival and length of larval stage of immatures collected in the field were evaluated in four semi-artificial diets: guava sawdust, two diets formulated for Spodoptera frugiperda and a diet for Synanthedon pictipes. Egg and larval morphometric characteristics were described from specimens collected in guava crops. Oviposition sites were found mainly in stem barks where the egg masses were simple, spaced and oblong and ellipsoidal shape. No statistical differences were found among treatments for survival and length of the larval stage. The average length of the larval stage was 13.92 ± 1.36 days for individuals with a length greater than a 10.63 ± 0.31 mm. The egg measured 0.22 ± 0.012 mm wide and 0.37 ± 0.011 mm long. Four larval stages were identified through Dyar’s coefficient and the frequency distribution of head capsule width measurements. Crochets of mature larvae were uniordinal and the pronotum had a pair of bands as C. theobromae, cacao borer in Venezuela.Publicación Acceso abierto Biology and damage of Conotrachelus crataegi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in tejocote (Crataegus spp.) in Mexico.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) Rosas Alfaro, Martha Lilia; Huerta de La Peña, Arturo; Morales Jiménez, Juan; Pérez Magaña, Andrés; Hernández, Luis Ricardo; López Olguín, Jesús Francisco; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleConotrachelus crataegi is a curculionid pest that borer the fruits of the hawthorn in the production area of Puebla, Mexico. Females lay eggs in small developing fruits, then the larvae auger to reach and destroy the seeds. This study was conducted due to the absence of research on the biology of and damage caused to fruits by this insect in the region. Samplings of foliage, fruits and soil were made in three locations in the Sierra Nevada of Puebla from April 30, 2014 to May 27, 2015. C. crataegi showed highly overlapping stages of development; eggs were observed from the third week of April to the second week of July 2014, with an estimated period of incubation of three to five days. Larvae were recorded throughout the sampling period from the first week of July 2014 until the last week of May 2015. The pupal stage occurred during the months of March and April 2014 and lasted between 10 and 15 days. Adults were seen from April to September 2014 with the highest population densities noted on May 28 and June 11, 2014. The results of this research will help in designing a program for the sustainable management of C. crataegi in Mexico.Publicación Acceso abierto Biology and reproductive parameters of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) in different Rutaceae hosts.(Universidad del Valle, 2017-12-30) Pérez Artiles, Lumey A.; Busoli, Antonio Carlos; Sotelo, Paola Andrea; Arcila, Angela M.; Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología - Socolen; Universidad del ValleThis work aimed to study the biology and population parameters of Diaphorina citri in Rangpur and Citrumelo ‘Swingle’ rootstocks and in their combinations with orange scions in Araraquara, Sao Pablo. For the maintenance of a D. citri breeding stock, plants of Murraya exotica L. were used. In each treatment the duration of the biological stages of the pest, viability of the eggs, survival of egg to adult and sexual ratio were evaluated. Egg to adult development time ranged from 15.08 days in Pera / Rangpur to 16.5 days in Hamilim / Citrumelo ‘Swingle’. The highest viability of eggs (82.02 %) of D. citri was observed in the Valencia / Rangpur combination and the lowest in Hamilim / Citrumelo ‘Swingle’ (73.66 %). The egg-adult survival values ranged from 56.16 to 71.07 %, obtaining the lowest survival values in the Hamilim / Citrumelo ‘Swingle’ combination. The lowest mean oviposition (eggs for female) was observed in Citrumelo ‘Swingle’ (185.10). Based on the fertility chart, Rangpur had the highest net reproductive rate (Ro = 160.57) and the shortest generation time (31.54 days). The intrinsic growth rate was higher in the Valencia/Rangpur combination (0.1517). A positive and significant correlation was found between total oviposition and female longevity (R = 0.23440; P = 0.03649) and between the former variable and duration of oviposition period (0.39011, P = 0.0003). Citrumelo ‘Swingle’ and Hamilim / Citrumelo ‘Swingle’ were the treatments that most negatively affected the biological parameters studied mainly oviposition and survival